deaza rG (7 deaza rG)

7-deaza-guanosine (deaza G (7-deaza)) is a ribonucleoside in which the 7-nitrogen (N7) of the base is replaced by C-H. The resulting modified rG is unable to form a hydrogen bond at position 7. In an important structural study, Seela and Driller (1) showed that substitution of 7-deaza dG for dG in both the hexamer CGCGCG and its complement resulted in a Tm for the DNA duplex formed by the two that was 9 degC lower (and thus less stable) compared with that formed from the native sequences. For a single asymmetric base pair 7-deaza-dG : C, the reduction in stability is about 1 degC compared to the native G : C. This property can be used to reduce structural problems posed by G-rich and GC-rich regions. Because such regions can form both intra- and inter-strand non-Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds via the N7 of the G-base, they can form highly stable secondary structures (such as G-quadraplex) that effectively prevent generation of PCR products (or even readable DNA sequence) from them (2). Substitution of 7-deaza-dG at certain dG positions in G- or GC-rich oligos slated for use in PCR as either PCR primers or templates reduces the thermodynamic stability (and thus the prevalence) of these secondary structures, resulting in improved PCR product generation (3).

Unfortunately, the use of 7-deaza-dG for the above purpose becomes problematic when multiple insertions of this modification must be made into an oligonucleotide, because 7-deaza-dG is sensitive to the iodine-based oxidizer solution used in phosphoramidite-based DNA synthesis. In such cases, Gene Link recommends that the researcher substitute the related modification 7-deaza-8-aza-dG (PPG) for 7-deaza-dG, as the former is stable to iodine-based oxidizer solutions (for additional information on 7-deaza-8-aza-dG (PPG), please see the technical sheet for that modification). References
1. Seela, F.; Driller, H. Alternating d(G-C)3 and d(C-G)3 hexanucleotides containing 7-deaza-2’-deoxyguanosine or 8-aza-7-deaza-2’-deoxyguanosine in place of dG. Nucleic Acids Res. (1989), 17: 901-910.
2. Fernandez-Rachubinski, F.; Murray, W.W.; Blajchman, M.A.; Rachubinski, R.A. Incorporation of 7-deaza dGTP during the amplification step in the polymerase chain reaction procedure improves subsequent DNA sequencing.DNA Seq. (1990), 1: 137-140.
3. Han, H.; Hurley, L.H.; Salazar, M. A DNA polymerase stop assay for G-quadruplex-interactive compounds.Nucleic Acids Res. (1999), 27: 537-542.
- deaza rG (7 deaza rG)